What is a procedure in programming?

A procedure in programming is defined as a block of code or instructions that can run independently. This structure allows programmers to encapsulate a specific task or functionality within a defined set of commands, making it reusable throughout a program. Procedures, also known as functions or methods, can be called multiple times from different parts of the program, which helps in organizing and managing code more efficiently. By modularizing code into procedures, developers improve readability, reduce redundancy, and facilitate easier debugging and testing.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe a procedure. The first option refers to conditions rather than executable code. The third option relates to software documentation, which is entirely different from the execution of code. Lastly, the fourth option describes a user interface element, which is also not related to the functionality or execution of a block of code in programming. Thus, the selection of a block of code or instructions that can run independently aligns with the fundamental concept of what a procedure is in programming.