What is the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer. It is the primary hardware component responsible for executing instructions from programs, performing calculations, and managing data. The CPU processes information by carrying out operations as dictated by a computer's code. This includes fetching instructions from memory, decoding them, executing commands, and writing back results.

The function of the CPU is fundamental to a computer's operation, as it serves as the main interpreter of the machine’s instructions and executes the tasks necessary for software programs to run. This differentiates it from other components, such as storage devices, which hold data, input devices that allow user interaction with the computer, and software applications that perform specific tasks for the user. Understanding the CPU's pivotal role is essential for grasping how computers work and how software interacts with hardware.